Lesson 3.2: Learning Theories and Pedagogical Approaches

Major Learning Theories:

1. Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory:

   • Children progress through stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational.

2. Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory:

   • Learning occurs through social interaction and guidance (Zone of Proximal Development).

3. Skinner’s Behaviorism:

   • Learning is influenced by rewards and punishments.

4. Constructivism:

   • Learners construct knowledge through experiences, exploration, and reflection.

Pedagogical Approaches:

• Child-centered learning

• Activity-based learning

• Collaborative learning

• Use of teaching aids for better understanding