Lesson 4.4: Basic Formulas and Functions
This lesson introduces you to the most commonly used formulas and functions in spreadsheet software like Excel and Google Sheets. These tools help you perform calculations and analyze data efficiently.
โ What is a Formula?
A formula is an equation that performs a calculation.
Formulas always start with an equals sign (=).
๐งพ Example:
๐ข What is a Function?
A function is a predefined formula that performs a specific task.
๐น Common Functions:
| Function | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|
SUM() |
Adds numbers | =SUM(A1:A5) |
AVERAGE() |
Finds average | =AVERAGE(B1:B5) |
MAX() |
Finds the highest number | =MAX(C1:C10) |
MIN() |
Finds the lowest number | =MIN(D1:D10) |
COUNT() |
Counts number of entries | =COUNT(E1:E10) |
๐ Order of Operations in Formulas:
Like in math, Excel/Sheets follow the BODMAS rule:
-
Brackets
-
Orders (exponents)
-
Division and Multiplication
-
Addition and Subtraction
๐งพ Example:
โ Real-World Examples:
-
Calculate total marks:
=SUM(B2:F2) -
Find average score:
=AVERAGE(B2:F2) -
Find top scorer: Use
=MAX(G2:G10)
๐ Practice Task:
-
Enter marks of 5 subjects for 5 students.
-
Use
SUM()to calculate total marks for each student. -
Use
AVERAGE()to find average marks. -
Find the highest and lowest total marks using
MAX()andMIN().
